TOEFL Review Exercise Skills 1-13

 Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. As an emergency measure, .... by the governor to curtail railway expenditure.
    (A) because it proposed
    (B) was proposed
    (C) because of the proposal
    (D) it was proposed
2. ... twelve million immigrants entered the U. S. via Ellis island.
  (A) More than
  (B) There were more than
  (C) Of more than
  (D) The report listed
3. ... variety of flowers in the show, from simple carnations to the most exquisite roses.
  (A) A wide
  (B) There was a wide
  (C) Was there
  (D) Many
4. ... that Emily Dickinson wrote, only twenty-four were given titles and only seven were published during her lifetime.
 (A) Of the 1.800 poems
 (B) There were 1,800 poems
 (C) Because the 1,800 poems
 (D) The 1, 800 poems
5. The wedges ... dart board are worth from one to twenty points each.
 (A)  they are on a
 (B) are on a
 (C) are they on a
 (D) on a

TOEFL Exercise Skills 11-13

Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.

1. Rarely .... located near city lights or at lower elevations. 

          (A) observatories are
          (B) are
          (C) in the observatories
          (D) are observatories
     2.  There are geographic, economic, and cultural reasons why .... around the world.
          (A) diets differ
          (B) do diets differ
          (C) are diets different
          (D) to differ a diet
     3. Located behind .... the two lacrimal glands.
          (A) each eyelid
          (B) is each eyelid
          (C) each eyelid are
          (D) each eyelid which is
     4. Nowhere .... more skewed than in the auto industry.
         (A) that retail trade figures
         (B) retail trade figures
         (C) are retail trade figures
         (D) retail trade figures are
     5. In the U.S ..... approximately 4 million miles of roads, streets, and highways.
         (A) there
         (B) is
         (C) because of
         (D) there are

Review Exercise Skills 11-13

Underline the subjects once and the verbs twice in each of the following sentences. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I).

1.     Not once did the judge listen to what the lawyers were suggesting. (...)

2.     On the island in the middle of the stream is the house that I want to buy. (...)

3.     The town council is not sure why the land developers changed their plans. (...)

4.     Never in the world I believed that this would happen. (...)

5.     Nowhere in the country can you purchase that magazine.

Exercise 13

Each of the following sentences contains a negative or almost negative expression. Circle the negative expressions. Look at the clauses that follow and underline the subjects once and the verbs twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I).

1.     Never the boy wrote to his sisters. (...)

2.     On no occasion did they say that to me. (...)

3.     Steve did not win the prize, nor did he expect to do so. (...)

4.     Only once in my life gone I have to New York City. (...)

5.     Did he go out of the house at no time.

Skill 13 Invert the Subject and Verb After Negatives

The subject and verb can also be inverted after certain negatives and related expressions. When negative expressions such as no, not, or never come at the beginning of a sentence, the subject and verb are inverted.

Exercise 12

Each of the following sentences contains an expression of place at the beginning of the sentence. Circle the expression of place. Look at  the clause that immediately follows and underline the subject once and the verb twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I) .

1.     In front of the house stood some giant trees. (...)

2.     There a big house is on the corner. (...)

3.     In the cave was a vast treasure of gems and jewels. (...)

4.     To the north stream is that the settlers will have to ford. (...)

5.     Around the corner are the offices that you are trying to find.

Skill 12 Invert the Subject and Verb After the Place Expressions

After ideas expressing place, the subject and verb sometimes invert in English. This can happen with single words expressing place, such as here, there, or nowhere. 

Here is the book that you lent me.

There are the keys that I thought I lost.

Nowhere have I seen such beautiful weather.

In the first example, the place word here causes the subject book (and its modifiers) to come after the verb

Exercise 11

Each of the following sentences contains a question word. Circle the questions word. Look at the clause that follows the question word, and underline the subject once and the verb twice. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I) .

1.     The phone company is not certain when will the new directories be ready.

2.     The professor does not understand why so many students did poorly on the exam.

3.     How new students can get information about parking?

4.     Where is it cheapest to get typeset copies printed?

5.     Only the pilot can tell you how far can the plane go on one tank of fuel.

Skill 11 Invert the Subject and Verb With Question Words

There is sometimes confusion about when to invert the subject and verb after question words such as when, where, why, and how. These words can have two very different functions in a sentence. First, they can be at the beginning of a question, and in this case the subject and verb that follow are inverted.

What is the homework?

When can I leave?

Where are you going?

Also, these words can join together two clauses, and in this case the subject and verb that follow are not inverted.

Problems With Inverted Subjects and Verbs

Subjects and verbs are inverted in a variety of situations in English. The most common time to invert the subject and verb is when forming a question. To form a question with a helping verb (be, have, can, would, will, etc.), the subject and helping verb are inverted.

He can go to the movies.

Can he go to the movies?

You would tell me the truth.

Would you tell me the truth?

She was sick yesterday.

Was she sick yesterday?

To form a question when there is no helping verb in the sentence, the helping verb do is used.

He goes to the movies.

Does she go to the movies?

You told me the truth.

Did you tell me the truth?

There are many other situations in English when subjects and verbs are inverted , but if you just remember this method of inverting subjects and verbs, you will be able to handle the other situations. The most common problems with inverted subjects and verbs on the TOEFL occur in the following situations: (1) with question words such as, when, where, and how (2) after place expressions, and (3) after negatives.

Subjects and verbs are inverted in a variety of situations in English. The most common time to invert the subject and verb is when forming a question. To form a question with a helping verb (be, have, can, would, will, etc.), the subject and helping verb are inverted.

He can go to the movies.

Can he go to the movies?

You would tell me the truth.

Would you tell me the truth?

She was sick yesterday.

Was she sick yesterday?

To form a question when there is no helping verb in the sentence, the helping verb do is used.

He goes to the movies.

Does she go to the movies?

You told me the truth.

Did you tell me the truth?

There are many other situations in English when subjects and verbs are inverted , but if you just remember this method of inverting subjects and verbs, you will be able to handle the other situations. The most common problems with inverted subjects and verbs on the TOEFL occur in the following situations: (1) with question words such as, when, where, and how (2) after place expressions, and (3) after negatives.

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Subjects and verbs are inverted in a variety of situations in English. The most common time to invert the subject and verb is when forming a question. To form a question with a helping verb (be, have, can, would, will, etc.), the subject and helping verb are inverted.

He can go to the movies.

Can he go to the movies?

You would tell me the truth.

Would you tell me the truth?

She was sick yesterday.

Was she sick yesterday?

To form a question when there is no helping verb in the sentence, the helping verb do is used.

---

He goes to the movies.

Does she go to the movies?

You told me the truth.

Did you tell me the truth?

There are many other situations in English when subjects and verbs are inverted , but if you just remember this method of inverting subjects and verbs, you will be able to handle the other situations. The most common problems with inverted subjects and verbs on the TOEFL occur in the following situations: (1) with question words such as, when, where, and how (2) after place expressions, and (3) after negatives.

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